1.高二英語備考知識點整理
Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company …..
Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.
Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.
過去分詞作狀語：過去分詞作狀語時，說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況，其等同于一個狀語從句。vt 過去分詞作狀語時與主句主語構成被動關系，表示被動和完成，vi 過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動作的完成。
Heated , water changes into steam .
The professor came in, followed by a group of young people .
1 作原因狀語，等于as / since / because 引導從句
Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said …
2 作時間狀語，等于when 引導時間從句，如果分詞表示的動作與謂語的動作同時發(fā)生，可在分詞前加when/ while / until 等使時間意義更明確。
When heated , water can be changed into steam .
Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill…
3 作條件狀語等于 if / whether 引導從句
Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention ….
Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you …
4 作方式或伴隨狀語
The actress came in , followed by her fans .
She sat by the window , lost in thought .
5 作讓步狀語
Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he ….
6 獨立主格結構： 當分詞的邏輯主語不是主句主語時，分詞可以有自己獨立的邏輯主語，這種結構稱為獨立主格結構。常用來表示伴隨情況。
The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat .
All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .
Rewrite with proper conjunctions
2.高二英語備考知識點整理
reason, cause, excuse, grounds(1) reason：理由，原因;指決定做某一件事或采取某一行動的理由，由此而得出結論或解釋。
The reason for my absence was that l was ill. 這兒不能用because引導。
(2) cause：起因;指引起某種后果的起因。
The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast. 事故的起因是他開得太快。
(3) excuse：辯解，借口;指為某一行為所做的解釋，可以是真的，也可以是托詞。
Too much work is no excuse for not studying.工作太多不能成為不學習的理由。
(4) grounds：根據(jù)，理由;有根據(jù)的理由。
We have good grounds t。believe his story.我們有充分的理由相信他的話。
3.高二英語備考知識點整理
1. 注意以下兩個基本用法，許多其他用法和搭配均可從這兩種基礎引申出來：(1) 表示“反對”“對著”“違反”“不利于”等。如：
We are all against his idea. 我們都反對他的想法。
He was married against his will. 他結婚是有違本意的。
He spoke against the new law. 他發(fā)言抨擊新法律。
There were 20 votes for him and 12 against him. 有20票贊成他，12票反對他。
(2) 表示“靠著”“頂著”“迎著”“襯著”等。如：
He stood with his back against the door. 他背靠門站著。
He hit his head against the window. 他的頭撞到了窗戶上。
It is difficult to see anything against this bright light. 對著這種強光很難看到任何東西。
Bright red flags flow in the wind against the blue sky. 鮮艷的紅旗映著藍天迎風飄揚。
2. 注意 against 是介詞，不是動詞。如：
他靠在樹上。
正：He leaned against the tree.
誤：He against the tree.
這個計劃你是贊成還是反對呢?
正：Are you for or against the plan?
誤：Do you support or against the plan?
3. 正因為against是介詞，所以后接動詞時要用動名詞。如：
我反對在警察到達之前采取任何行動。
正：I’m against doing anything till the police arrive.
誤：I’m against to do anything till the police arrive.
4.高二英語備考知識點整理
系動詞系動詞亦稱聯(lián)系動詞(Link Verb)，作為系動詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語(亦稱補語)，構成系表結構說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。說明：有些系動詞又是實義動詞，該動詞表達實義時，有詞義，可單獨作謂語。例如：
He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。(fell是系動詞，后跟補足語，說明主語情況。)
He fell off the ladder. 他從梯子上摔下來。fell是實義動詞，單獨作謂語。
1)狀態(tài)系動詞
用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有be一詞。例如：
He is a teacher. 他是一名教師。(is與補足語一起說明主語的身份。)
2)持續(xù)系動詞
用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如：
He always kept silent at meeting. 他開會時總保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一個謎。
3)表像系動詞
用來表示"看起來像"這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。例如：
He looks tired. 他看起來很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起來很傷心。
4)感官系動詞
感官系動詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。 例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 這種布手感很軟。
5.高二英語備考知識點整理
1.倒裝句的定義：英語最基本的詞序是主語在謂語動詞的前面。如果把謂語動詞放在主語前面，就叫做倒裝。
2. 倒裝句的構成
a) 完全倒裝
將句子的主語和謂語完全顛倒過來，稱之為完全倒裝。
Are you from here? 你是本地人嗎?
Now comes the chance. 機會來了。
b) 部分倒裝
只將助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞移至主語之前，謂語的其他部分仍保留在主語的后面，稱之為部分倒裝。例如：
Has he come? 他來了嗎?
Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我們難得像在這里這么舒服。
Only in this way can we do the work better.
只有這樣我們才能把工作做得更好。
3. 倒裝的原因
a) 句子語法結構的需要。例如：
Did you attend the meeting? 你參加會議了嗎?
Long live peace! 和平萬歲!
b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如：
Such were his last words. 他最后的話就是這樣。
c)強調(diào)的需要。倒裝以后，句子更加流暢生動。例如：
Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我們從來沒有見過這樣的情景。
Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我們前面有很多困難。
Often did we warn them not to do so. 我們曾多次警告他們不要這樣做。
