動(dòng)詞表示人或事物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
根據(jù)其在句中的功能，動(dòng)詞可分為四類，分別是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(指某個(gè)具體的靜態(tài)如：think, love 等或動(dòng)態(tài)如：run, walk 等)、系動(dòng)詞(常用的是be, feel, get, look, taste等)、助動(dòng)詞(常用的是do, does, did等用來(lái)構(gòu)成否定句及疑問(wèn)句)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(常用的有can, may, must, shall, should等，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后一定要跟動(dòng)詞原形)。
1) 動(dòng)詞的基本形式
絕大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都有五種基本形式：動(dòng)詞原形、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。
A. 第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后要加s或es，其變化規(guī)則與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的方法大體相同：
1. 一般情況下只在動(dòng)詞后加s，如work-works, write-writes.
2. 以o,s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加es，如guess-guesses, mix-mixes,
finish-finishes, catch-catches.
3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改y為i加es，如study-studies.
注：不規(guī)則變化的有have-has
B. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成
1. 一般情況下在動(dòng)詞后加ing，如study-studying, work-working.
2. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e再加ing，如write-writing,
move-moving.
3. 以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫(xiě)末尾一個(gè)輔音字母，再加ing，如get-getting, begin-beginning.
4. 以ie結(jié)尾的名詞，一般將ie改為y，再加ing，如lie-lying, die-dying, tie-tying.
C. 過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成
1. 一般情況直接加ed，如ask-asked, work-worked.
2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，只加d，如love-loved, dance-danced.
3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y變?yōu)閕加ed，如try-tried, study-studied.
4. 以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫(xiě)末尾一個(gè)字母，再加ed，如stop-stopped.
I. 用be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. __________ your father a worker﹖ Yes, he __________.
2.They __________ in the classroom.
3.Where __________ my books﹖
4.These ___________her pears.
5.How much _________the T-shirt?
6.How much __________ the socks?
7.Our mother _________forty last year.
8.You can _________ in our school music club.
9.Let's ___________friends.
10.He and I _________friends.
11.Someone __________ in the room.
12. There ____ some apples on the table yesterday.
II.劃出每句中正確的詞
1.(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa?
2.(Where/What)are your baseball?
3.(Do/Does)Mary have a clock?
4.(Are/Do)they want to see a movie?
5.(Is/Can)she play the violin?
6.I (don't/ doesn't)like hamburgers.
7.Why does Alice (likes/like)music?
8.Who (am/is) your father?
9.(What/What's) her favorite subject?
10.How much (are/is) her socks?
11. I (am, is, was, were) busy last week.
12. Tom and I (am, are, was, were) late for school yesterday.
13. I (walk, walks, walked, walking) to school last Saturday.
14. Rose (does not, did not, ) visit her uncle last month.
15. There (is, was, are, were) a lot of people over there ten years ago.
III.寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去式。
如：look - looks - looking- looked
drink_________ _________ _________
go _________ _________ _________
stay _________ _________ _________
make _________ _________ _________
teach_________ _________ _________
ride _________ _________ _________
have_________ _________ _________
pass_________ _________ _________
carry _________ _________ _________
come_________ _________ _________
watch_________ _________ _________
plant_________ _________ _________
fly_________ _________ ____________
study_________ _________ _________
brush_________ _________ _________
read_________ _________ _________
run _________ _________ _________
write_________ _________ _________
swim_________ _________ _________
get_________ _________ __________
say_________ _________ __________
take _________ _________ _________
see_________ _________ __________
begin_________ _________ _________
dance_________ _________ _________
IV.用所給詞的正確形式填空。
1. Let me _______ (help) you find your purse.
2. Would you like__________(buy) things for New Year's Day?
3. I like __________( make) kites.
4. He can________ (skate) better than ME.
5. You must _______( listen) to your teacher in class.
6. They enjoy________(play) basketball.
7. She wants________(watch) cartoons.
8. It's time for us ________( read) books.
