1.2025年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)�？颊Z法 篇一
名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses)。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組， 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
分類
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
連詞(5個(gè))：that (本身無意義。引導(dǎo)單一的賓語從句時(shí)that�？墒÷�，但引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時(shí)that通常不被省略)
whether,if (均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性)
as if ,as though (均表示“好像”，“似乎”)
以上在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分
連接代詞(10個(gè))：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose,whosever, which, whichever
連接副詞(7個(gè))：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however
不可省略的連詞：
1. 介詞后的連詞。
2. 引導(dǎo)主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
3. 在從句中做成分的連詞.
比較
whether與if 均為"是否"的意思。 但在下列情況下，只可用whether：
1. whether引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首。
eg:Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.
2. 引導(dǎo)表語從句。
eg:The question is whether we can get in touch with her.
3. whether從句作介詞賓語。
eg:I am thinking about whether I should quit my present job.
4.if與whether都可以與or not 連用，但后面緊跟or not 時(shí)只能用whether。
We didn't know whether or not she was ready.(此時(shí)只能用whether)
I wonder whether/if the news is true or not.(此時(shí)則二者都可以用)
5.后面直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)。
6.引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)。
2.2025年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)常考語法 篇二
倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)1) 當(dāng)表示否定或基本否定的詞或詞組位于句首作狀語時(shí)用倒裝。這類詞或詞組常用的有：never, nowhere, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, not until, not only, by no means, in no time, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way, in no case, at no time, on no account等。
Never have I heard it before.
Nowhere can I find my lost watch.
Under no circumstance should a student cheat in the exam.
Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.
Note: 當(dāng) “no sooner … than”和“hardly/scarcely … when/before”位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“一…就…”，在時(shí)態(tài)上主句一般用過去完成時(shí)，when或than引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時(shí)。
Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when/before the bell rang.
No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.
2) 當(dāng)here, there, then, thus, only, hence, little等副詞位于句首，句中主、謂用倒裝。
Here is the book for you.
There goes the bell.
Then came the order to take off.
Thus arose the division between the developed and developing countries.
3) 當(dāng) “so/such … that”結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such 位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。
So cold was it at night that I could hardly fall asleep.
Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.
4) 分句以so, neither, nor, no more等副詞位于句首，表明前面句子中所說明的情況也使用于后面的句子時(shí)用倒裝。
Copper is a good conductor. So are many other metals.
He didn’t see the film last night, neither did she.
3.2025年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)�？颊Z法 篇三
定語從句定語從句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。
關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。
在復(fù)習(xí)英語四級(jí)考試的過程中，大家是不是對(duì)語法部分很頭疼呢?以下是定語從句的知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納，超級(jí)詳細(xì)!
1.先行詞為all, anything, something, nothing, everything, much, little, none等不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that，不用which。在大多數(shù)情況下that可以省略.
Please tell me everything (that) you know about the matter.
2.as引出的限制性定語從句
在such …as的結(jié)構(gòu)中as可作關(guān)系代詞，引出限制性定語從句。有時(shí)和same連用，在從句中可作主語、賓語或表語等。
Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.
3.as引出的非限制性定語從句
as可作關(guān)系代詞引出非限制性定語從句，代替整個(gè)主句，通常譯為“(正)如…一樣”，“(正)象…一樣”等。as引導(dǎo)的從句一般用逗號(hào)與主句隔開，可以位于主句的前面、中間或后面.
I live a long way from work, as you know.
4.分隔式定語從句
定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但有時(shí)會(huì)被其他句子成分與先行詞隔開，從而構(gòu)成分隔式定語從句。
The days are gone when power politics worked.
5.介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which/whom等)引出的定語從句
如果關(guān)系代詞(which/whom等)在定語從句中作介詞的賓語，那么這個(gè)介詞可以提到從句前，構(gòu)成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which/whom等)+定語從句”。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中關(guān)系代詞不可以用that。
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.
6.關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中�？梢允÷�,一般有以下幾種情況：
1) 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作直接賓語時(shí)，在大多數(shù)情況下可以省略。
This is something (that) you must always keep in mind.
關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞位于句尾時(shí)關(guān)系代詞可以省略;介詞位于關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)則關(guān)系代詞不能省略。
This is the room (which) Churchill was born in.
2) 關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)一般不能省略，但如果關(guān)系代詞在由there …be存在句構(gòu)成的定語從句中作主語時(shí)�？墒÷�。
This is the only book (that) there is on this subject.
3) 在way后面的定語從句中in which或that通常省略。
That’s the way (that/in which) I look at it.
7.非限制性定語從句
非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞或整個(gè)主句，起補(bǔ)充說明的作用，如果省略掉，原句句意仍保持完整。非限制性定語從句要用逗號(hào)與主句隔開，其引導(dǎo)詞不能用that。非限制性定語從句屬于正式語體。經(jīng)�？嫉降姆窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句有以下三種。
1)由which、as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。which、as代表整個(gè)主句。
He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.
2)由 “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。
He sent her a letter, in which he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.
3)由 “數(shù)詞、代詞或名詞+of +關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。
He had three sons, one of whom was my son’s classmate.
