【#高三# #高三下冊英語必修二重要知識點#】高三學生很快就會面臨繼續(xù)學業(yè)或事業(yè)的選擇。面對重要的人生選擇，是否考慮清楚了？這對于沒有社會經(jīng)驗的學生來說，無疑是個困難的想選擇。如何度過這重要又緊張的一年，我們可以從提高學習效率來著手！©無憂考網(wǎng)高三頻道為各位同學整理了《高三下冊英語必修二重要知識點》，希望你努力學習，圓金色六月夢！
1.高三下冊英語必修二重要知識點
為了避免重復，我們常常把作賓語、賓補和謂語動詞的一部分的不定式省略，只保留動詞不定式的符號to.
(1)—How about coming to my house?
—I'd love to if it doesn't give you so much trouble.
在hope， like， love， promise， want， wish等詞后作賓語的不定式常省略。再如：
You may go if you want to.
She can get a job if she hopes to.
—How about going hunting with me tomorrow?
—I'd like to， but I have no time.
(2)Don't close the window until I ask you to.
在allow， ask， tell 等詞后作賓語補足語的不定式常省略。再如：
Don't touch the light unless your mother allows you to.
Don't plant potatoes until the peasant tells you to.
(3)He didn't want to hand in his composition， but he had to.
在be able to， be going to， have to， need to， enough to， used to等后的不定式需省略。再如：
I don't sing much， now， but I used to a lot.
If you don't want to say anything at the meeting， you don't need to.
She didn't go out last night， because she was afraid to.
在afraid、glad、happy、pleased、sorry等詞后作狀語的不定式常省略。再如：—Will you go with me to see the film tonight?
—I'll be glad to.
2.高三下冊英語必修二重要知識點
動詞過去式的概念：
用來表示動詞過去時的動詞形式，規(guī)則變化加是動詞后加-ed，不規(guī)則的要單獨記。
動詞過去式變化規(guī)則及其讀音規(guī)則：
一、規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化如下：
1、一般情況下，動詞詞尾加-ed：
如：work-worked play-played wanted-wanted act-acted
2、以不發(fā)音的-e結尾動詞，動詞詞尾加-d：
如：live-lived move-moved taste-tasted hope-hoped
3、以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞，把-y變?yōu)?i再加-ed：
如：study-studied copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried
4、以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加-ed：
如：stop-stopped
5、不規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強，須多加記憶。
如：go-went make-made get-got buy-bought come-came fly-flew
二、不規(guī)則動詞的過去式的構成：
1、把動詞原形中的i改為a，變成過去式。
如：begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam
2、把重讀開音節(jié)中的i改為o，變成過去式。
如：drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote
3、改動詞原形中的aw／ow為ew，變成過去式。
如：draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（動詞show除外，show—showed）
4、動詞原形中的e改為o，變成過去式。
如：get—got，forget—forgot
5、動詞原形中的ee改為e，變成過去式。
如：feed—fed，meet—met
6、動詞原形中的eep改為ept，變成過去式。
如keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept
7、動詞原形中的eak改為oke，變成過去式。
如：break—broke，speak—spoke
8、動詞原形中的ell改為old，變成過去式。
如：sell—sold，tell—told
9、動詞原形中的an改為oo，變成過去式。
如：stand—stood，understand—understood
10、以ought和aught結尾，且讀音是〔:t〕的過去式。
如：bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught
11、以ould結尾且讀音為〔ud〕的情態(tài)動詞過去式。
如：can—could，shall—should，will—would
12、把動詞原形中的o改為a，變成過去式。
如：come—came，become—became
13、在動詞原形后加d或t變成過去式，并且發(fā)生音變。
如：hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕，say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14、動詞的過去式與動詞原形一樣。
如：let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read〔red〕
15、不符合上述規(guī)律的動詞過去式。
如：am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，
go—went，have／has—had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took
三、過去式“-ed”的發(fā)音規(guī)則：
�。�1）動詞詞尾為“t，d”時，發(fā)/id/音。
如：want→wanted（要）need→needed（需要）
（2）動詞詞尾為清輔音時，發(fā)/t/音。
如：help→helped（幫助）laugh→laughed（笑）look→looked（看）kiss→kissed（吻）wash→washed（洗）watch→watched（注視）
（3）動詞詞尾為t，d以外之濁輔音或元音時，發(fā)/d/音。
如：call→called（叫）stay→stayed（停留）cry→cried（哭）
be動詞的過去式：
在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用be動詞，am，is的過去式為was；are的過去式為were.請看如下句型的構成：
1、肯定句：主語+was(were)+賓語
例：I was late yesterday.（昨天我遲到了。）
2、否定句：主語+was(were)+not+賓語
例：We weren't late yesterday.(我們昨天沒遲到)
3、疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+賓語
例：Were you ill yesterday?（你昨天病了嗎？）
4、肯定回答：Yes,I was.(是的，我病了。)
否定回答：No,I wasn't.(不，我沒病。)
5、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was(were)+主語+賓語
例：When were you born?你是什么時候出生的？
【方法竅門】
be的過去式有四巧：
一是時間狀語巧：表示過去的短語要記牢；
二是形式巧：單數(shù)was，復數(shù)were；
三是否定句結構巧：not緊跟was/were；
四是疑問句式巧：was/were向前跑（提前）。
【思路分析】
『一巧』時間狀語巧。一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與表示過去的一些時間狀語連用。
例如：yesterday,last night/week/month/year,last Saturday,the day beforey esterday,in 1998,five years ago等。
『二巧』形式巧。它與一般現(xiàn)在時一樣，形式多樣：當主語是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞用was；主語是第二人稱或其他人稱復數(shù)時，謂語動詞用were。
例如：I was in the classroom yesterday morning.昨天早上我在教室里。
He was at school last Tuesday.上周二他在學校。
They were over there a moment ago.剛才他們在那邊。
『三巧』否定句結構巧。與動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時一樣，它在動詞后面加not即可變成否定句，并且was,were與not可以縮寫成wasn't,weren't。即：主語＋wasn’t/weren’t＋表語＋其他。
例如：I was not（=wasn't）here yesterday.昨天我不在這兒。
My parents were not（=weren't）at home last Sunday.上周日我父母不在家。
『四巧』疑問句式巧。把was,were提到句首，句末用問號即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧�。即：Was（Were）＋主語＋表語＋其他？這恰巧與動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問句式相似。
例如：Were you at home the day before yesterday?前天你在家嗎？
Was she late this morning?今天早上她遲到了嗎？
更巧的是疑問句的答語也相似，肯定回答用“Yes,主語＋was/were.”；否定回答用“No,主語＋wasn't/weren't.”。
例如：—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now?—剛才魏華和韓梅在這兒嗎？
—Yes,they were./No,they weren't.是的，在這了。
3.高三下冊英語必修二重要知識點
重點詞匯總結
1. impression n. 印記;印象;感想;后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 從句; My first impression of him was favorable.他給我的第一印象非常討人喜歡。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 他們給我的印象是他們對這個情形不是很開心。
知識拓展：impress v.給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記;使感動;常用結構有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記; It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她記得我的名字。
2. remind v.提醒;使想起;常用結構有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-從句 提醒某人……;使某人想起……;remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意識到……;提醒某人某事 I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me? 很抱歉，我忘記你叫什么名字了，你能提醒一下嗎?
You remind me of your father when you say that. 說到那的時候，我想起了你的父親。
知識拓展：reminder n.提醒物;引起回憶的事物
3. constantly adv.始終;一直;重復不斷地 Fashion is constantly changing.時尚總是日新月異。 知識拓展：constant adj.連續(xù)發(fā)生的;不斷的;重復的;
4. previous adj.先前的;以往的;(時間上)稍前的;
No previous experience is necessary for this job. 以往的經(jīng)驗對這項工作不是很有必要。
I couldn't believe it when I heard the news.我聽到這個消息的時候，我覺得簡直令人那以置信。
I had only seen him the previous day. 我只在幾天前見到過他。
知識拓展：previously adv. 先前的;早先
The building had previously been used as a hotel.這棟建筑早些時候被用作旅館。
5. bend v.(bent bent)彎曲;使彎曲;彎腰;彎身;常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事 bend sb.to sth. 迫使;說服 bend the truth 歪曲事實 It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把鐵棒弄彎很不容易。
She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下頭吻了她的女兒。
6. press v. 壓;按;推;擠;堅持;敦促 n. 報章雜志，新聞工作者，新聞界 She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手絹捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油門踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation. 他仍堅持索賠。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭審謝絕新聞采訪。
7. switch n. & v. 用作名詞表示“開關;轉換”。用作動詞表示“轉換”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 她生第一個孩子的時候調整了工作，把全職工作轉換成了兼職工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按這兩個鍵來轉換屏幕上的文件。
I can't work next week, will you switch with me? 下周我不想上班，你能和我換一下班。
8. lack n. & v. 用作名詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作動詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺;沒有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金錢/技能
The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因為缺乏興趣這次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。
知識拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏;沒有;匱乏;不足
9. surroundings n.環(huán)境;surround v. 圍繞;環(huán)繞 surrounding adj. 周圍的;附近的 Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 每個人都喜歡在愉快的環(huán)境中工作。
10. catch/gain/get sight of 發(fā)現(xiàn)，看出;lose sight of 看不見,忘記; lose one's sight 失明;at first sight 一見就;乍看起來;at (the) sight of 一看見就……;be in sight 看得見，在眼前;out of sight 看不見At first sight, the problem seems easy. 乍一看，這個問題似乎很簡單。 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away. 小男孩一看到老師就跑了。 The island is still in sight. 小島仍然在眼前。
Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不見，心不煩。
11. take up：to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用(時間);占據(jù)(空間);to learn to or start to do sth 開始做(某項工作);開始從事;to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受(建議或能得到的東西) The table takes up too much room. 這張桌子太占地兒。 They have taken up golf. 他們學起打高爾夫球來了。 She took up his offer of a drink. 他請她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要開始履行職責。
12. sweep up 打掃;清掃;橫掃;涌向;快速地抱起 He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把將孩子抱進懷里
4.高三下冊英語必修二重要知識點
1. consist of = be made up of 由……組成 (沒有進行時)
e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
=Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.
2. 區(qū)別:
? separate ... from (把聯(lián)合在一起或靠近的人或物分離出來)
? divide...into 把…分開 (把整體分為若干部分)
e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups.
The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.
3. debate about sth.
e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.
debate /argue/ quarrel
4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清;闡明;清楚;明了
e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation.
Can you clarify the question?
5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 連接
【習慣用語】★ link A to B 將A和B連接起來
6. refer to
1)提及，指的是……
e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?
2) 參考;查閱;詢問
e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.
Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.
3) 關系到;關乎
e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.
This rule refers to everyone.
reference: n. 參考 e.g. reference books 參考書
7. to one's surprise (prep)
“to one's + 名詞” 表 “令某人……”
常見的名詞有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等
e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.
To John's great relief they reached the house at last.
8. ... found themselves united peacefully
“find +賓語+賓補( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介詞短語;不定式)”
e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.
You'll find him easy to get along with.
They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.
When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.
I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.
9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….
e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.
get + n. + to do
get + n. + doing
You'll get her to agree.
I'll get the car going.
get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然發(fā)生，意為“被…….”
e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street.
10. break away (from sb / sth) 脫離;破除…
e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits.
The man broke away from his guards.
5.高三下冊英語必修二重要知識點
link A to B將A和B連接起來
refer to
1)提及，指的是……
e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he wasreferring to us?
2) 參考;查閱;詢問
e.g. If you don'tunderstand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.
Please refer to the lastpage of the book for answers.
3)關系到;關乎
e.g. What I have to sayrefers to all of you.
This rule refers toeveryone.
reference: n. 參考
e.g. reference books 參考書
7. to one's surprise (prep)
“to one's +名詞”表“令某人……”
常見的名詞有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment等
e.g. I discovered, to myhorror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.
To John's great relief theyreached the house at last.
8. ... found themselves united peacefully
“find +賓語+賓補( adj; adv; v-ing; pp;介詞短語;不定式)”
e.g. A cook will beimmediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.
You'll find him easy to getalong with.
They found themselvestrapped by the bush fire.
When I woke up, I foundmyself in hospital.
I called on him yesterday,but I found him out.
9. get sth done =have sthdone使某事被做…….
e.g. I'll just get thesedishes washed and then I'll come.
get + n. + to do
get + n. + doing
You'll get her to agree.
I'll get the car going.
get done:用于意想不到、突然或偶然發(fā)生，意為“被…….”
e.g. Be careful when youcross this very busy street.
10.break away (from sb /sth)脫離;破除…
e.g. It is not easy for himto break away from bad habits.
The man broke away from hisguards.
break down (會談)破裂，失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(情感)失控
e.g. His car broke down onthe way to work this morning.
His health broke down underthe pressure of work.
He broke down and wept whenhe heard the news.
Talks between the twocountries have completely broken down.
break in闖入;打岔
break off中斷，折斷
break into闖入
break out爆發(fā);發(fā)生
break up驅散;分散，拆散
11. as well as不僅…而且;既…又…
e.g. He is a teacher aswell as a writer.
The children as well astheir father were seen playing football in the street.
12.convenience: n.方便;便利
e.g. We bought this housefor its convenience.
convenient: adj.
13. attraction:
1).吸引;引力(不可數(shù)n.)
2).吸引人的東西;喜聞樂見的東西;精彩節(jié)目(可數(shù)n.)
e.g. attraction ofgravitation重力
He can't resist theattraction of the sea on a hot day.
A big city offers many andvaried attractions.
What are the principleattractions this evening?
attract: v.
14.influence
1) v.對…產(chǎn)生影響
e.g. What influence you tochoose a career in teaching?
2)可數(shù)n.產(chǎn)生影響的人或事
e.g. He is one of the goodinfluences in the school.
3) (不可數(shù)n.)影響
e.g. A teacher has greatinfluence over his pupils.
